Here you can find a nice table of mathematical symbols.

1. Basic Operations

Symbol	Name	Description
+	Plus	Addition
-	Minus	Subtraction
*	Multiplication	Multiplication
/	Division	Division
=	Equals	Equal to
≠	Not equals	Not equal to
<	Less than	Less than
>	Greater than	Greater than
≤	Less than or equal	Less than or equal to
≥	Greater or equal	Greater than or equal to
√	Square root	Square root of a number
^	Exponent	Indicates exponentiation (e.g., 2^3 means 2 cubed)

1. Greek Alphabet

Greek Letter	Uppercase	Lowercase	Meaning/Usage
Alpha	Α	α	Often used to represent the first or initial value in a sequence or set. It is also used in various contexts, such as angles and constants.
Beta	Β	β	Often used to represent the second value or coefficient in a sequence, set, or equation. It is commonly used in statistics and regression analysis.
Gamma	Γ	γ	Frequently used in mathematics and physics. It has various applications, such as representing a parameter, a constant, or a gamma function.
Delta	Δ	δ	Often used to denote a change or difference. It is also used to represent a small increment in a variable or a variation in a quantity.
Epsilon	Ε	ε	Commonly used to represent a small positive number, typically associated with limits and convergence in calculus.
Zeta	Ζ	ζ	Primarily used to represent a variable in equations or to denote a complex number.
Eta	Η	η	Frequently used to represent the efficiency or an unknown variable in equations and mathematical models.
Theta	Θ	θ	Often used to represent angles in geometry and trigonometry. It is also used to represent unknown variables or parameters in equations and models.
Iota	Ι	ι	Primarily used as a variable or an index in mathematics, especially in sequences, series, and summations.
Kappa	Κ	κ	Commonly used as a variable in mathematics, physics, and engineering. It has various applications, such as representing a constant or a wave number.
Lambda	Λ	λ	Frequently used in mathematics and physics. It represents eigenvalues, wavelengths, decay constants, and parameters in various contexts.
Mu	Μ	μ	Often used to represent the mean or average in statistics. It is also used as a variable or coefficient in various mathematical equations.
Nu	Ν	ν	Primarily used as a variable or a parameter in mathematics, physics, and engineering.
Xi	Ξ	ξ	Commonly used in mathematics and statistics. It represents a variable, a set, or a distribution in various contexts.
Omicron	Ο	ο	Occasionally used as a variable, but it does not have specific mathematical meaning or usage in most cases.
Pi	Π	π	Frequently used to represent the mathematical constant pi, which is the ratio of a circle’s circumference to its diameter (approximately 3.14159).
Rho	Ρ	ρ	Primarily used to represent a density, a correlation coefficient, or a resistivity in physics and engineering.
Sigma	Σ	σ	Uppercase sigma (Σ) is used to denote summation, while lowercase sigma (σ) is used to represent the standard deviation in statistics.
Tau	Τ	τ	Often used to represent time constants, torque, or a parameter in physics and engineering.
Upsilon	Υ	υ	Frequently used to represent a variable or a parameter in mathematics, physics, and engineering.
Phi	Φ	φ	Often used to represent the golden ratio or a variable in equations and models. It is also used in trigonometry and complex numbers.
Chi	Χ	χ	Commonly used as a variable or a parameter in mathematics, physics, and engineering.
Psi	Ψ	ψ	Frequently used in mathematics, physics, and engineering. It represents wave functions, angles, or a variable in various contexts.
Omega	Ω	ω	Often used to represent the last or final value in a sequence or set. It is also used to denote angular velocity or a limit in calculus.

1. Set Theory

Symbol	Name	Description
∈	Element of	Used to specify that an element is in a set
∉	Not an element of	Used to specify that an element is not in a set
⊆	Subset of	A set whose elements are all members of another set
⊂	Proper subset of	A subset that is not equal to the original set
⊇	Superset of	A set containing all elements of another set
⊃	Proper superset of	A superset that is not equal to the original set
∅	Empty set	A set with no elements
{ }	Set brackets	Used to denote a set
∩	Intersection	Common elements between two sets
∪	Union	All elements that are in either of two sets
∖	Set difference	Elements that are in one set but not another
P(A)	Power set	The set of all subsets of a set

1. Calculus

Symbol	Name	Description
∫	Integral	Represents the integral of a function over an interval
∂	Partial derivative	Represents the partial derivative of a function
∇	Del or Nabla	A vector operator used in vector calculus
∞	Infinity	A number greater than any assignable quantity or count
dx	Differential	Represents a small change in the variable x
d/dx	Derivative	The derivative of a function with respect to x
∑	Summation	The sum of a series of terms
∆x	Delta x	Represents a small change or difference in the variable x
lim	Limit	The value a function approaches as the input approaches a value

1. Geometry

Symbol	Name	Description
∠	Angle	Used to represent an angle
≅	Congruent	Identical in form
∥	Parallel	Two lines in a plane that do not meet
⊥	Perpendicular	Intersection at a right angle
π	Pi	The ratio of the circumference of a circle to its diameter
°	Degree	A unit of measurement of angles
’	Minute	1/60 of a degree
’’	Second	1/60 of a minute
r	Radius	The distance from the center to the edge of a circle
d	Diameter	The distance across a circle through its center
a,b,c	Sides of a triangle	Often used to represent the sides of a triangle
h	Height	The “height” of a figure

1. Algebra

Symbol	Name	Description
x, y, z	Variables	Often used to represent unknown quantities
a, b, c	Constants	Often used to represent known quantities
f(x)	Function of x	A function in terms of x
≡	Equivalent to	Identical or equal to
≈	Approximately equal	Roughly equal to
∝	Proportional to	Changes with the change of another quantity
x²	Square	A number multiplied by itself
x³	Cube	A number multiplied by itself twice
√x	Square root	A number which when squared gives x
x!	Factorial	The product of an integer and all the integers below it
x^n	Power	X raised to the power of n

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